teach that Christianity “supersedes” Judaism or that the church “supersedes” Israel? Concern over this matter has been motivated by a legitimate desire to oppose the mistreatment of Jews in the modern world. However, it has also been fueled by the pressure of contemporary pluralism against the absolute claims of Christ. As noted above, Hebrews never compares Christianity with Judaism, the church with Israel, nor, apart from 13:9–10, those who follow Jesus with those who follow Jewish practices. According